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  6.     <title>Chapitre┬á5.┬áFiltres</title>
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  13.     <link rel="next" href="ch05s02.html" title="2.┬áFiltres flous" />
  14.   </head>
  15.   <body>
  16.     <div class="navheader">
  17.       <table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
  18.         <tr>
  19.           <th colspan="3" align="center">Chapitre┬á5.┬áFiltres</th>
  20.         </tr>
  21.         <tr>
  22.           <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch04s08s04s16.html">Pr├⌐c├⌐dent</a>┬á</td>
  23.           <th width="60%" align="center">┬á</th>
  24.           <td width="20%" align="right">┬á<a accesskey="n" href="ch05s02.html">Suivant</a></td>
  25.         </tr>
  26.       </table>
  27.       <hr />
  28.     </div>
  29.     <div class="chapter" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">
  30.       <div class="titlepage">
  31.         <div>
  32.           <div>
  33.             <h2 class="title"><a id="filters"></a>Chapitre┬á5.┬áFiltres</h2>
  34.           </div>
  35.         </div>
  36.         <div></div>
  37.       </div>
  38.       <div class="toc">
  39.         <p>
  40.           <b>Table des mati├¿res</b>
  41.         </p>
  42.         <dl>
  43.           <dt>
  44.             <span class="sect1">
  45.               <a href="ch05.html#filter-introduction">1. Introduction aux filtres</a>
  46.             </span>
  47.           </dt>
  48.           <dt>
  49.             <span class="sect1">
  50.               <a href="ch05s02.html">2. Filtres flous</a>
  51.             </span>
  52.           </dt>
  53.           <dd>
  54.             <dl>
  55.               <dt>
  56.                 <span class="sect2">
  57.                   <a href="ch05s02.html#filters-blur-introduction">2.1. Introduction aux filtres de flou</a>
  58.                 </span>
  59.               </dt>
  60.               <dt>
  61.                 <span class="sect2">
  62.                   <a href="ch05s02s02.html">2.2. Flou</a>
  63.                 </span>
  64.               </dt>
  65.               <dt>
  66.                 <span class="sect2">
  67.                   <a href="ch05s02s03.html">2.3. Flou gaussien (IIR)</a>
  68.                 </span>
  69.               </dt>
  70.               <dt>
  71.                 <span class="sect2">
  72.                   <a href="ch05s02s04.html">2.4. Flou gaussien (RLE)</a>
  73.                 </span>
  74.               </dt>
  75.               <dt>
  76.                 <span class="sect2">
  77.                   <a href="ch05s02s05.html">2.5. Flou gaussien s├⌐lectif</a>
  78.                 </span>
  79.               </dt>
  80.               <dt>
  81.                 <span class="sect2">
  82.                   <a href="ch05s02s06.html">2.6. Flou cin├⌐tique</a>
  83.                 </span>
  84.               </dt>
  85.               <dt>
  86.                 <span class="sect2">
  87.                   <a href="ch05s02s07.html">2.7. Pixeliser</a>
  88.                 </span>
  89.               </dt>
  90.               <dt>
  91.                 <span class="sect2">
  92.                   <a href="ch05s02s08.html">2.8. Flou mosaique</a>
  93.                 </span>
  94.               </dt>
  95.             </dl>
  96.           </dd>
  97.           <dt>
  98.             <span class="sect1">
  99.               <a href="ch05s03.html">3. Filtres de couleurs</a>
  100.             </span>
  101.           </dt>
  102.           <dd>
  103.             <dl>
  104.               <dt>
  105.                 <span class="sect2">
  106.                   <a href="ch05s03.html#filters-color-introduction">3.1. Introduction aux filtres de couleur</a>
  107.                 </span>
  108.               </dt>
  109.               <dt>
  110.                 <span class="sect2">
  111.                   <a href="ch05s03s02.html">3.2. Ajuster PP-AP</a>
  112.                 </span>
  113.               </dt>
  114.               <dt>
  115.                 <span class="sect2">
  116.                   <a href="ch05s03s03.html">3.3. Psych├⌐d├⌐lique</a>
  117.                 </span>
  118.               </dt>
  119.               <dt>
  120.                 <span class="sect2">
  121.                   <a href="ch05s03s04.html">3.4. Psych├⌐d├⌐lique 2</a>
  122.                 </span>
  123.               </dt>
  124.               <dt>
  125.                 <span class="sect2">
  126.                   <a href="ch05s03s05.html">3.5. ├ëchange de 2 couleurs</a>
  127.                 </span>
  128.               </dt>
  129.               <dt>
  130.                 <span class="sect2">
  131.                   <a href="ch05s03s06.html">3.6. Rotation de la carte des couleurs</a>
  132.                 </span>
  133.               </dt>
  134.               <dt>
  135.                 <span class="sect2">
  136.                   <a href="ch05s03s07.html">3.7. ├ëchanger un intervalle de couleur</a>
  137.                 </span>
  138.               </dt>
  139.               <dt>
  140.                 <span class="sect2">
  141.                   <a href="ch05s03s08.html">3.8. Colorier ├á partir d'un ├⌐chantillon</a>
  142.                 </span>
  143.               </dt>
  144.               <dt>
  145.                 <span class="sect2">
  146.                   <a href="ch05s03s09.html">3.9. Application de d├⌐grad├⌐</a>
  147.                 </span>
  148.               </dt>
  149.               <dt>
  150.                 <span class="sect2">
  151.                   <a href="ch05s03s10.html">3.10. Moyenne du bord</a>
  152.                 </span>
  153.               </dt>
  154.               <dt>
  155.                 <span class="sect2">
  156.                   <a href="ch05s03s11.html">3.11. Canal mixer</a>
  157.                 </span>
  158.               </dt>
  159.               <dt>
  160.                 <span class="sect2">
  161.                   <a href="ch05s03s12.html">3.12. Analyse colorim├⌐trique</a>
  162.                 </span>
  163.               </dt>
  164.               <dt>
  165.                 <span class="sect2">
  166.                   <a href="ch05s03s13.html">3.13. Coloriser</a>
  167.                 </span>
  168.               </dt>
  169.               <dt>
  170.                 <span class="sect2">
  171.                   <a href="ch05s03s14.html">3.14. Couleur vers Alpha</a>
  172.                 </span>
  173.               </dt>
  174.               <dt>
  175.                 <span class="sect2">
  176.                   <a href="ch05s03s15.html">3.15. Composer</a>
  177.                 </span>
  178.               </dt>
  179.               <dt>
  180.                 <span class="sect2">
  181.                   <a href="ch05s03s16.html">3.16. D├⌐composer</a>
  182.                 </span>
  183.               </dt>
  184.               <dt>
  185.                 <span class="sect2">
  186.                   <a href="ch05s03s17.html">3.17. Paquet de filtres</a>
  187.                 </span>
  188.               </dt>
  189.               <dt>
  190.                 <span class="sect2">
  191.                   <a href="ch05s03s18.html">3.18. ├öter les pixels chauds</a>
  192.                 </span>
  193.               </dt>
  194.               <dt>
  195.                 <span class="sect2">
  196.                   <a href="ch05s03s19.html">3.19. Max RVB</a>
  197.                 </span>
  198.               </dt>
  199.               <dt>
  200.                 <span class="sect2">
  201.                   <a href="ch05s03s20.html">3.20. Aplatir ├á moiti├⌐</a>
  202.                 </span>
  203.               </dt>
  204.               <dt>
  205.                 <span class="sect2">
  206.                   <a href="ch05s03s21.html">3.21. Palette de lissage</a>
  207.                 </span>
  208.               </dt>
  209.               <dt>
  210.                 <span class="sect2">
  211.                   <a href="ch05s03s22.html">3.22. Inversion de la Valeur</a>
  212.                 </span>
  213.               </dt>
  214.             </dl>
  215.           </dd>
  216.           <dt>
  217.             <span class="sect1">
  218.               <a href="ch05s04.html">4. Filtres de bruit</a>
  219.             </span>
  220.           </dt>
  221.           <dd>
  222.             <dl>
  223.               <dt>
  224.                 <span class="sect2">
  225.                   <a href="ch05s04.html#filters-noise-introduction">4.1. Introduction aux filtres de bruit</a>
  226.                 </span>
  227.               </dt>
  228.               <dt>
  229.                 <span class="sect2">
  230.                   <a href="ch05s04s02.html">4.2. Jeter</a>
  231.                 </span>
  232.               </dt>
  233.               <dt>
  234.                 <span class="sect2">
  235.                   <a href="ch05s04s03.html">4.3. Brouiller</a>
  236.                 </span>
  237.               </dt>
  238.               <dt>
  239.                 <span class="sect2">
  240.                   <a href="ch05s04s04.html">4.4. Piquer</a>
  241.                 </span>
  242.               </dt>
  243.               <dt>
  244.                 <span class="sect2">
  245.                   <a href="ch05s04s05.html">4.5. Dispersion TSV</a>
  246.                 </span>
  247.               </dt>
  248.               <dt>
  249.                 <span class="sect2">
  250.                   <a href="ch05s04s06.html">4.6. M├⌐langer</a>
  251.                 </span>
  252.               </dt>
  253.               <dt>
  254.                 <span class="sect2">
  255.                   <a href="ch05s04s07.html">4.7. ├ëtendre</a>
  256.                 </span>
  257.               </dt>
  258.             </dl>
  259.           </dd>
  260.           <dt>
  261.             <span class="sect1">
  262.               <a href="ch05s05.html">5. Filtres de d├⌐tection de bord</a>
  263.             </span>
  264.           </dt>
  265.           <dd>
  266.             <dl>
  267.               <dt>
  268.                 <span class="sect2">
  269.                   <a href="ch05s05.html#filters-edges-introduction">5.1. Introduction ├á la d├⌐tection des bords</a>
  270.                 </span>
  271.               </dt>
  272.               <dt>
  273.                 <span class="sect2">
  274.                   <a href="ch05s05s02.html">5.2. Contours</a>
  275.                 </span>
  276.               </dt>
  277.               <dt>
  278.                 <span class="sect2">
  279.                   <a href="ch05s05s03.html">5.3. Laplace</a>
  280.                 </span>
  281.               </dt>
  282.               <dt>
  283.                 <span class="sect2">
  284.                   <a href="ch05s05s04.html">5.4. Sobel</a>
  285.                 </span>
  286.               </dt>
  287.             </dl>
  288.           </dd>
  289.           <dt>
  290.             <span class="sect1">
  291.               <a href="ch05s06.html">6. Filtres d'am├⌐lioration</a>
  292.             </span>
  293.           </dt>
  294.           <dd>
  295.             <dl>
  296.               <dt>
  297.                 <span class="sect2">
  298.                   <a href="ch05s06.html#filters-enhance-introduction">6.1. Introduction aux filtres d'am├⌐liorations</a>
  299.                 </span>
  300.               </dt>
  301.               <dt>
  302.                 <span class="sect2">
  303.                   <a href="ch05s06s02.html">6.2. D├⌐sentrelacer</a>
  304.                 </span>
  305.               </dt>
  306.               <dt>
  307.                 <span class="sect2">
  308.                   <a href="ch05s06s03.html">6.3. Anti-parasites</a>
  309.                 </span>
  310.               </dt>
  311.               <dt>
  312.                 <span class="sect2">
  313.                   <a href="ch05s06s04.html">6.4. Anti-tra├«n├⌐es</a>
  314.                 </span>
  315.               </dt>
  316.               <dt>
  317.                 <span class="sect2">
  318.                   <a href="ch05s06s05.html">6.5. Filtre NL</a>
  319.                 </span>
  320.               </dt>
  321.               <dt>
  322.                 <span class="sect2">
  323.                   <a href="ch05s06s06.html">6.6. Augmenter les contrastes</a>
  324.                 </span>
  325.               </dt>
  326.               <dt>
  327.                 <span class="sect2">
  328.                   <a href="ch05s06s07.html">6.7. Renforcer la nettet├⌐</a>
  329.                 </span>
  330.               </dt>
  331.             </dl>
  332.           </dd>
  333.           <dt>
  334.             <span class="sect1">
  335.               <a href="ch05s07.html">7. Filtres g├⌐n├⌐riques</a>
  336.             </span>
  337.           </dt>
  338.           <dd>
  339.             <dl>
  340.               <dt>
  341.                 <span class="sect2">
  342.                   <a href="ch05s07.html#filters-generic-introduction">7.1. Introduction aux filtres g├⌐n├⌐riques</a>
  343.                 </span>
  344.               </dt>
  345.               <dt>
  346.                 <span class="sect2">
  347.                   <a href="ch05s07s02.html">7.2. Matrice de convolution</a>
  348.                 </span>
  349.               </dt>
  350.               <dt>
  351.                 <span class="sect2">
  352.                   <a href="ch05s07s03.html">7.3. Dilater</a>
  353.                 </span>
  354.               </dt>
  355.               <dt>
  356.                 <span class="sect2">
  357.                   <a href="ch05s07s04.html">7.4. ├ërosion</a>
  358.                 </span>
  359.               </dt>
  360.             </dl>
  361.           </dd>
  362.           <dt>
  363.             <span class="sect1">
  364.               <a href="ch05s08.html">8. Filtres d'effets de verre</a>
  365.             </span>
  366.           </dt>
  367.           <dd>
  368.             <dl>
  369.               <dt>
  370.                 <span class="sect2">
  371.                   <a href="ch05s08.html#filters-glass-effects-introduction">8.1. Introduction aux filtres d'effets de verre</a>
  372.                 </span>
  373.               </dt>
  374.               <dt>
  375.                 <span class="sect2">
  376.                   <a href="ch05s08s02.html">8.2. Lentille optique</a>
  377.                 </span>
  378.               </dt>
  379.               <dt>
  380.                 <span class="sect2">
  381.                   <a href="ch05s08s03.html">8.3. Carreaux de verre</a>
  382.                 </span>
  383.               </dt>
  384.             </dl>
  385.           </dd>
  386.           <dt>
  387.             <span class="sect1">
  388.               <a href="ch05s09.html">9. Filtres d'effets de lumi├¿re</a>
  389.             </span>
  390.           </dt>
  391.           <dd>
  392.             <dl>
  393.               <dt>
  394.                 <span class="sect2">
  395.                   <a href="ch05s09.html#filters-light_effects-introduction">9.1. Introduction aux filtres d'effets de lumi├¿re</a>
  396.                 </span>
  397.               </dt>
  398.               <dt>
  399.                 <span class="sect2">
  400.                   <a href="ch05s09s02.html">9.2. ├ëblouissement</a>
  401.                 </span>
  402.               </dt>
  403.               <dt>
  404.                 <span class="sect2">
  405.                   <a href="ch05s09s03.html">9.3. ├ëblouissement Gimp</a>
  406.                 </span>
  407.               </dt>
  408.               <dt>
  409.                 <span class="sect2">
  410.                   <a href="ch05s09s04.html">9.4. Effet d'├⌐clairage</a>
  411.                 </span>
  412.               </dt>
  413.               <dt>
  414.                 <span class="sect2">
  415.                   <a href="ch05s09s05.html">9.5. Faire ├⌐tinceler</a>
  416.                 </span>
  417.               </dt>
  418.               <dt>
  419.                 <span class="sect2">
  420.                   <a href="ch05s09s06.html">9.6. SuperNova</a>
  421.                 </span>
  422.               </dt>
  423.             </dl>
  424.           </dd>
  425.           <dt>
  426.             <span class="sect1">
  427.               <a href="ch05s10.html">10. Filtres de distorsion</a>
  428.             </span>
  429.           </dt>
  430.           <dd>
  431.             <dl>
  432.               <dt>
  433.                 <span class="sect2">
  434.                   <a href="ch05s10.html#filters-distort-introduction">10.1. Introduction aux filtres de distorsion</a>
  435.                 </span>
  436.               </dt>
  437.               <dt>
  438.                 <span class="sect2">
  439.                   <a href="ch05s10s02.html">10.2. Fen├¬tre avec store</a>
  440.                 </span>
  441.               </dt>
  442.               <dt>
  443.                 <span class="sect2">
  444.                   <a href="ch05s10s03.html">10.3. D├⌐former selon une courbe</a>
  445.                 </span>
  446.               </dt>
  447.               <dt>
  448.                 <span class="sect2">
  449.                   <a href="ch05s10s04.html">10.4. Repoussage</a>
  450.                 </span>
  451.               </dt>
  452.               <dt>
  453.                 <span class="sect2">
  454.                   <a href="ch05s10s05.html">10.5. D├⌐formation interactive</a>
  455.                 </span>
  456.               </dt>
  457.               <dt>
  458.                 <span class="sect2">
  459.                   <a href="ch05s10s06.html">10.6. Mosa├»que</a>
  460.                 </span>
  461.               </dt>
  462.               <dt>
  463.                 <span class="sect2">
  464.                   <a href="ch05s10s07.html">10.7. Coin de page</a>
  465.                 </span>
  466.               </dt>
  467.               <dt>
  468.                 <span class="sect2">
  469.                   <a href="ch05s10s08.html">10.8. Coordonn├⌐es polaires</a>
  470.                 </span>
  471.               </dt>
  472.               <dt>
  473.                 <span class="sect2">
  474.                   <a href="ch05s10s09.html">10.9. Onduler</a>
  475.                 </span>
  476.               </dt>
  477.               <dt>
  478.                 <span class="sect2">
  479.                   <a href="ch05s10s10.html">10.10. D├⌐caler</a>
  480.                 </span>
  481.               </dt>
  482.               <dt>
  483.                 <span class="sect2">
  484.                   <a href="ch05s10s11.html">10.11. Trame d'imprimerie</a>
  485.                 </span>
  486.               </dt>
  487.               <dt>
  488.                 <span class="sect2">
  489.                   <a href="ch05s10s12.html">10.12. Vid├⌐o</a>
  490.                 </span>
  491.               </dt>
  492.               <dt>
  493.                 <span class="sect2">
  494.                   <a href="ch05s10s13.html">10.13. Propagation de Valeur</a>
  495.                 </span>
  496.               </dt>
  497.               <dt>
  498.                 <span class="sect2">
  499.                   <a href="ch05s10s14.html">10.14. Vagues</a>
  500.                 </span>
  501.               </dt>
  502.               <dt>
  503.                 <span class="sect2">
  504.                   <a href="ch05s10s15.html">10.15. Tourner et aspirer</a>
  505.                 </span>
  506.               </dt>
  507.               <dt>
  508.                 <span class="sect2">
  509.                   <a href="ch05s10s16.html">10.16. Vent</a>
  510.                 </span>
  511.               </dt>
  512.             </dl>
  513.           </dd>
  514.           <dt>
  515.             <span class="sect1">
  516.               <a href="ch05s11.html">11. Filtres Artistiques</a>
  517.             </span>
  518.           </dt>
  519.           <dd>
  520.             <dl>
  521.               <dt>
  522.                 <span class="sect2">
  523.                   <a href="ch05s11.html#filters-artistic-introduction">11.1. Introduction aux filtres Artistiques</a>
  524.                 </span>
  525.               </dt>
  526.               <dt>
  527.                 <span class="sect2">
  528.                   <a href="ch05s11s02.html">11.2. Effet de toile</a>
  529.                 </span>
  530.               </dt>
  531.               <dt>
  532.                 <span class="sect2">
  533.                   <a href="ch05s11s03.html">11.3. Cubisme</a>
  534.                 </span>
  535.               </dt>
  536.               <dt>
  537.                 <span class="sect2">
  538.                   <a href="ch05s11s04.html">11.4. GIMPressionist</a>
  539.                 </span>
  540.               </dt>
  541.               <dt>
  542.                 <span class="sect2">
  543.                   <a href="ch05s11s05.html">11.5. GIMPressionist- ├ëditeur de carte d'orientation</a>
  544.                 </span>
  545.               </dt>
  546.               <dt>
  547.                 <span class="sect2">
  548.                   <a href="ch05s11s06.html">11.6. GIMPressionist- ├ëditeur de carte de taille</a>
  549.                 </span>
  550.               </dt>
  551.               <dt>
  552.                 <span class="sect2">
  553.                   <a href="ch05s11s07.html">11.7. Peinture ├á l'huile</a>
  554.                 </span>
  555.               </dt>
  556.             </dl>
  557.           </dd>
  558.           <dt>
  559.             <span class="sect1">
  560.               <a href="ch05s12.html">12. Filtres Combiner</a>
  561.             </span>
  562.           </dt>
  563.           <dd>
  564.             <dl>
  565.               <dt>
  566.                 <span class="sect2">
  567.                   <a href="ch05s12.html#filters-combine-introduction">12.1. Introduction aux filtres Combiner</a>
  568.                 </span>
  569.               </dt>
  570.               <dt>
  571.                 <span class="sect2">
  572.                   <a href="ch05s12s02.html">12.2. Superposition selon profondeur</a>
  573.                 </span>
  574.               </dt>
  575.               <dt>
  576.                 <span class="sect2">
  577.                   <a href="ch05s12s03.html">12.3. Film</a>
  578.                 </span>
  579.               </dt>
  580.             </dl>
  581.           </dd>
  582.         </dl>
  583.       </div>
  584.       <div class="sect1" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">
  585.         <div class="titlepage">
  586.           <div>
  587.             <div>
  588.               <h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="filter-introduction"></a>1.┬áIntroduction aux filtres</h2>
  589.             </div>
  590.           </div>
  591.           <div></div>
  592.         </div>
  593.         <a id="id2966308" class="indexterm"></a>
  594.         <p>
  595.     Un filtre est un outil d'un type sp├⌐cial destin├⌐ ├á prendre un calque en
  596.     entr├⌐e, appliquer dessus un algorithme math├⌐matique, et retourner le calque
  597.     d'entr├⌐e ou l'image dans un format modifi├⌐. <span class="application">GIMP</span>
  598.     utilise les filtres pour r├⌐aliser une vari├⌐t├⌐ d'effets et ces effets sont
  599.     document├⌐s ici.
  600.   </p>
  601.         <p>
  602.     Les filtres sont rang├⌐s dans plusieurs cat├⌐gories:
  603.     </p>
  604.         <div class="itemizedlist">
  605.           <ul type="disc">
  606.             <li>Flou</li>
  607.             <li>Couleurs</li>
  608.             <li>Bruit</li>
  609.             <li>D├⌐tection de bord</li>
  610.             <li>Am├⌐lioration</li>
  611.             <li>G├⌐n├⌐rique</li>
  612.             <li>Effets de verre</li>
  613.             <li>Effets de lumi├¿re</li>
  614.             <li>Distorsions</li>
  615.             <li>Artistique</li>
  616.             <li>Carte</li>
  617.             <li>Rendu</li>
  618.             <li>Web</li>
  619.             <li>Animation</li>
  620.             <li>Combiner</li>
  621.           </ul>
  622.         </div>
  623.         <p>
  624.   </p>
  625.       </div>
  626.     </div>
  627.     <div class="navfooter">
  628.       <hr />
  629.       <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
  630.         <tr>
  631.           <td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch04s08s04s16.html">Pr├⌐c├⌐dent</a>┬á</td>
  632.           <td width="20%" align="center">
  633.             <a accesskey="u" href="index.html">Niveau sup├⌐rieur</a>
  634.           </td>
  635.           <td width="40%" align="right">┬á<a accesskey="n" href="ch05s02.html">Suivant</a></td>
  636.         </tr>
  637.         <tr>
  638.           <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">8.4.16.┬áPlein ├⌐cran┬á</td>
  639.           <td width="20%" align="center">
  640.             <a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Sommaire</a>
  641.           </td>
  642.           <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">┬á2.┬áFiltres flous</td>
  643.         </tr>
  644.       </table>
  645.     </div>
  646.   </body>
  647. </html>
  648.